Vitamins are catalysts for biochemical reactions and metabolism in animals, and are indispensable micronutrients for maintaining normal physiological functions and maintaining normal growth and development of animals. If animals lack vitamins, they will have obvious adverse consequences on growth and development. Therefore, vitamins must be added to the daily feed to meet the needs of the body.
1. Determination of vitamin feed standards. The vitamin feeding standard is the demand value of various vitamins for animals. The NRC (National Research Council) standard is the most basic requirement of vitamins for animals, which can prevent obvious vitamin deficiency. The optimal vitamin requirements for animals formulated by some professional vitamin manufacturers such as Roche refer to the amount added to enable animals to obtain the best health and production performance. The optimal vitamin requirement of Roche is generally several times to dozens of times higher than the NRC standard. Therefore, when designing and applying vitamin supplements, the feeding standard of vitamins should be reasonably determined, which is generally higher than the NRC standard. Roche can be used when conditions permit. best demand criteria. It is necessary to consider the influ ence of various factors such as feed variety, animal health status, feeding environment, formula cost, storage time, etc., to master it flexibly and scientifically, and to meet the maximum demand of animal growth and development as much as possible. Especially for animals in a state of stress, the vitamin level of the feed should be increased.
2. Appropriate excessive application. Most of the vitamins are not stable, and it is easy to cause loss and decrease in potency during the processing and storage of feed. In order to ensure that animals eat enough vitamins, they should generally be added in excess.
3. Select vitamin preparations . At present, vitamin preparations include single vitamins and multi-vitamin premixes. When applying, you can decide whether to premix multiple single vitamins by yourself or buy multi-vitamin premixes according to the actual situation. Small production units use more multivitamin premixes. Since the detection and quality judgment of vitamins are relatively complicated, products from professional manufacturers with good reputation should be selected.
4. Pay attention to the effective content, potency and stability of vitamins. Most commercially available vitamins are not pure and 100% potency vitamins. Therefore, when purchasing and applying vitamins, attention should be paid to their effective content and potency, and a reasonable conversion should be made. Different forms of the same vitamin have different stability. For example, vitamin A palmitate is more stable than vitamin A alcohol, and vitamin E acetate is more stable than vitamin E alcohol. Therefore, in practical applications, stable vitamins should be used as much as possible.
5. Pay attention to the independent addition of choline and vitamin C. Because choline and vitamin C are easy to absorb moisture and destroy other vitamins, they are generally not premixed with other vitamins and added independently when used. Most of the commercially available multidimensional preparations do not contain choline and vitamin C. If you choose and use multidimensional preparations, you should pay attention to adding an appropriate amount of choline and vitamin C independently according to the feeding standard when applying.
6. Flexible adjustment according to the actual situation. The feeding standard of vitamins should not be static, but should be flexibly adjusted according to the actual formula species, feeding environment, weather season and other factors, so as to ensure the animal's demand for vitamins under actual conditions and maintain a good state and production performance. For layer feeds with high calcium and phosphorus, the levels of vitamin A and vitamin D should be appropriately increased to improve the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus.
7. Necessary dilution and storage. Due to the small amount of vitamins used, and the possible reactions with each other and other additives, the potency will be destroyed. Therefore, it is best to dilute a large number of times before application, reduce the concentration, and then pre-mix with other vitamins and additives. Especially when it is premixed with choline, trace elements and acid-base additives, it should be diluted to ensure better mixing uniformity and higher potency. A common carrier for vitamin dilutions and premixes is defatted cornstarch. Vitamin products are sensitive to external factors such as light and heat, and are prone to failure. Therefore, they should generally be stored in a low-temperature, airtight, and dry environment. It should be used as soon as possible after unsealing, and the storage period should generally not exceed 1 month.
Written By lucas lee
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